การปรับสภาพชีวมวลลิกโนเซลลูโลสด้วยสารละลายดีพยูเทคติคเพื่อกระบวนการกลั่นทางชีวภาพ
Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Deep Eutectic Solvents for Biorefining Processes
Abstract
ลิกโนเซลลูโลสเป็นองค์ประกอบหลักของพืชและมีแหล่งที่มาหลากหลาย โดยสามารถนำไปเข้าสู่กระบวนการกลั่นทางชีวภาพ เพื่อผลิตเป็นเชื้อเพลิงชีวภาพและผลิตภัณฑ์ชีวภาพต่าง ๆ ที่มีมูลค่าสูง โดยหนึ่งในกระบวนการกลั่นทางชีวภาพของชีวมวลลิกโนเซลลูโลสที่มีความสำคัญเป็นอย่างมากคือการปรับสภาพชีวมวลลิกโนเซลลูโลส ซึ่งมีหลายวิธีโดยการเลือกใช้แต่ละวิธีนั้นจะต้องปรับให้เหมาะสมกับชีวมวลที่แตกต่างกัน เป็นขั้นตอนที่ถือว่ามีความท้าทายเป็นอย่างมากเนื่องจากจะเกี่ยวข้องกับการลดต้นทุนและทำให้มีศักยภาพสูงในกระบวนการผลิตเชื้อเพลิงชีวภาพและผลิตภัณฑ์ชีวภาพต่าง ๆ บทความปริทัศน์นี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อชี้ให้เห็นถึงคุณสมบัติของสารละลายดีพยูเทคติคในการปรับสภาพชีวมวล เป็นความท้าทายใหม่ในการนำชีวมวลมาใช้ประโยชน์ในเชิงพาณิชย์เพื่อการผลิตผลผลิตมูลค่าสูง อีกทั้งสารละลายดีพยูเทคติคยังเป็นตัวทำละลายสีเขียวที่มีประสิทธิภาพสูง เนื่องจากมีต้นทุนต่ำ ความเป็นพิษต่ำความสามารถในการย่อยสลายทางชีวภาพ สามารถรีไซเคิลและนำกลับมาใช้ใหม่ได้ง่าย จึงได้รับการยอมรับจากนักวิจัยทั่วโลกเป็นอย่างมากในการนำมาพัฒนาต่อยอด นอกจากนั้นยังมีการอภิปรายข้อดีและข้อเสียของวิธีการปรับสภาพลิกโนเซลลูโลส ปัจจัยต่าง ๆ ที่เป็นพารามิเตอร์ของกระบวนการ รวมถึงแนวทางการประยุกต์ใช้ และความก้าวหน้าของสารละลายดีพยูเทคติคที่มีศักยภาพต่อไป ดังนั้นก็จะสอดคล้องกับแนวความคิดของหลักโมเดลเศรษฐกิจสู่การพัฒนาที่ยั่งยืนของโลก
Lignocellulose is a primary component of plants and can be obtained from a wide array of sources. It can be used in various biorefinery processes to produce biofuels and various high-value bioproducts. One of the highly significant processes in lignocellulosic biorefinery is the pretreatment of lignocellulose, which can be accomplished through several methods. Each method needs to be tailored to suit different types of biomass. This step is considered highly challenging as it is related to cost reduction and the efficiency in the production of biofuel and bioproducts. The objective of this article is to highlight the characteristics of the deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for the pretreatment of the biomass, which presents a new challenge in utilizing biomass technology for enhanced-value commercial purposes. Additionally, DESs are considered efficient, green and sustainable solvents due to its low cost, low toxicity, biodegradability, along with recyclability and reusability properties. Therefore, it has gained global attention for the future development. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of DES-based lignocellulose pretreatment methods, including various parameters, application guidelines, new trends and future prospects of the DES solvents are taken into account. These aspects are particualarly consistent with the conceptural framework for economic sustainability that promotses sustainable growth at the global level.
Keywords
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DOI: 10.14416/j.kmutnb.2024.07.014
ISSN: 2985-2145
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