การศึกษาชีพลักษณ์ของป่าพรุด้วยภาพถ่ายดาวเทียม Sentinel-2: กรณีศึกษา จังหวัดภูเก็ต
Peat Swamp Forest Phenology Based on Sentinel-2 Images: Case Study at Phuket Province
Abstract
งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาชีพลักษณ์ของป่าพรุในจังหวัดภูเก็ตด้วยภาพถ่ายดาวเทียม Sentinel-2 และประเมินความสัมพันธ์กับปัจจัยทางสภาพอากาศ ได้แก่ อุณหภูมิ ปริมาณน้ำฝน รวมทั้งความชื้นในใบไม้ (Leaf Water Content) ดัชนีพืชพรรณสำหรับการศึกษานี้มี 4 ชนิด คือ ดัชนีเน้นภาพพืชพรรณ (Enhanced Vegetation Index; EVI) ดัชนีเน้นภาพพืชพรรณแบบ 2 ช่วงคลื่น (Two-Band Enhanced Vegetation Index; EVI2) ดัชนีความต่างของพืชพรรณด้วยช่วงคลื่นแสงสีเขียว (Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; GNDVI) และดัชนีผลต่างพืชพรรณ (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index; NDVI) ดัชนีทั้ง 4 ชนิด ถูกนำไปคำนวณค่าเฉลี่ยรายเดือนจาก พ.ศ. 2559–2564 และปรับค่าความเรียบ (Smoothed) เพื่อปรับแก้ผลกระทบจากสัญญาณรบกวนในชั้นบรรยากาศ ผลการศึกษาพบว่า ลักษณะชีพลักษณ์ของป่าพรุสอดคล้องกับดัชนี NDVI และ GNDVI โดยให้ค่าสูงสุด 2 ช่วงเวลา คือ ช่วงเดือนสิงหาคมถึงกันยายน และสูงสุดอีกครั้งในช่วงเดือนมกราคมถึงเดือนกุมภาพันธ์ของปีถัดไป การวิเคราะห์ความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างดัชนีพืชพรรณกับปัจจัยสภาพอากาศพบว่าดัชนี EVI และ EVI2 มีความสัมพันธ์กันสูงกับอุณหภูมิ ปริมาณน้ำฝน และความชื้นในใบไม้ ในขณะที่ดัชนี NDVI และ GNDVI มีความสัมพันธ์ต่ำกับปัจจัยสภาพอากาศทั้งหมด เนื่องจากพืชอาจไม่ได้ตอบสนองต่อปัจจัยดังกล่าวอย่างทันทีทันใด การศึกษานี้สามารถใช้เป็นข้อมูลประกอบสำหรับการบริหารจัดการทรัพยากรป่าพรุที่สัมพันธ์กับช่วงเวลาหรือฤดูกาลได้
The objectives of this research are to study the phenology of peat swamp forest in Phuket province, Thailand using Sentinel-2 images and to evaluate it in correlation with climate factors: temperature, rainfall, and leaf water content. Four vegetation indices: Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Two-Band Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2), Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (GNDVI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were applied. Four indices from 2016 to 2021 were averaged into the monthly data and smoothed to reduce the noise signal from the atmosphere. The results demonstrate that NDVI and GNDVI show at the two peaks of the season: August/September and January/February of the following year. The relationships between EVI and EVI2 and temperature, rainfall, and leaf water content were significant. However, both NDVI and GNDVI show low relationships because the vegetation did not respond immediately to the factors. This research can be applied to peat swamp forest management for season or time-related protection and conservation.
Keywords
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DOI: 10.14416/j.kmutnb.2024.03.013
ISSN: 2985-2145
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