การวิเคราะห์เชิงความร้อนของเครื่องอบแห้งพลังงานรังสีอาทิตย์แบบผสมสำหรับการอบแห้งสับปะรด
Thermal Analysis of a Mixed-Mode Solar Dryer for Drying of Pineapple
Abstract
ในงานวิจัยนี้ได้ทำการอบแห้งสับปะรดด้วยเครื่องอบแห้งพลังงานรังสีอาทิตย์แบบผสมโดยการพาความร้อนด้วยการบังคับ ซึ่งประกอบด้วยตัวเก็บรังสีอาทิตย์และห้องอบแห้ง เครื่องอบแห้งนี้มีการพัฒนาด้วยการติดตั้งโดมทรงกลมภายในตัวเก็บรังสีอาทิตย์เพื่อเพิ่มพื้นที่ผิวในการถ่ายเทความร้อน จากนั้นทำการวิเคราะห์สมรรถนะของเครื่องอบแห้งตามหลักการทรงพลังงาน เอกเซอร์จีที่อยู่บนพื้นฐานของกฎข้อที่สองทางอุณหพลศาสตร์ และคำนวณหาค่าความสิ้นเปลืองพลังงานจำเพาะที่ใช้ในการอบแห้ง โดยพบว่าอุณหภูมิที่ออกจากตัวเก็บรังสีมีค่าสูงสุดที่ 68.91°C และอุณหภูมิสูงสุดภายในห้องอบแห้งมีค่า 62.59°C การทดลองนี้สามารถลดปริมาณความชื้นของสัปปะรดจาก 84.97% w.b. ถึง 29.37% w.b. พบว่ามีค่าความสิ้นเปลืองพลังงานจำเพาะ 1.9634 กิโลวัตต์ชั่วโมงต่อกิโลกรัม สำหรับการวิเคราะห์พลังงานและเอกเซอร์จีของการอบแห้งพบว่า มีค่าประสิทธิภาพสูงสุดที่ 50.39% และ 16.05% ผลที่ได้จากการวิจัยนี้สามารถใช้เป็นข้อมูลในการพัฒนาศักยภาพของการใช้พลังงานหมุนเวียนในระบบอบแห้งให้เกิดประโยชน์สูงสุด
This research presents the drying of pineapple using a mixed-mode forced convection solar dryer, which consists of a flat plate solar collector and a dryer chamber. This dryer is developed with the geodesic domes installation within the solar collector to increase the surface area of heat transfer. The dryer performances according to the conservation of energy principle, exergy base on the second law of thermodynamics and the specific energy consumption in the drying are analyzed. It was found that the maximum drying air temperature at the outlet collector and the dryer chamber were 68.91°C and 62.59°C. This experimental was able to decrease the moisture content of pineapple from 84.47% w.b. to 29.37% w.b., found that the specific energy consumption 1.9634 kWh/kg. For energy and exergy analysis of this pineapple drying, found the maximum efficiencies achieved were 50.39% and 16.05%. The results of this research can be used as data to develop and maximize the potential of renewable energy usage in the drying.
Keywords
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DOI: 10.14416/j.kmutnb.2021.01.001
ISSN: 2985-2145
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