Applied Science and Engineering Progress
Extraction and Encapsulation of Bioactive Components of Dates: A Bibliometric Analysis
Abstract
This study provides a bibliometric analysis of one thousand publications total from the past decade concerning the extraction of bioactive compounds from date palm pulp and seeds and their encapsulation for functional food applications. The findings show that encapsulation technology plays a crucial role in enhancing physicochemical stability, improving bioavailability, and preserving bioactive compounds during processing. Several novelty gaps were identified: 1) bioactive compounds from tropical KL-1 date palm at the kimri stage have not been extracted using green solvents such as Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) combined with ultrasound-assisted extraction; 2) the bioactive composition of KL-1 fruits and seeds at the kimri stage remains unknown; 3) the potential of kimri-stage KL-1 extracts as food ingredients and antioxidants has not been explored; and 4) their encapsulation to enhance the physicochemical stability of coconut skim milk has not been previously reported. The analysis also showed that spray drying, fluidized-bed drying, and foam-mat freeze drying are the most widely used microencapsulation methods for tamer-stage date extracts, typically employing carriers such as maltodextrin, gum arabic, hedysarum gum, and mangosteen gum, often blended with MCT oil. Overall, the results highlight promising opportunities to advance research on tropical date palm bioactives and their application as functional food ingredients.
Keywords
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