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Synthesis and Characterization of Nano Active Filler of Pumice Particle Produced by Sol-Gel Process with Different Precipitation Temperatures for Enhancing the Impact Properties of GFRP Composite

Kuncoro Diharjo, Andry Rakhman, Wijang Wisnu Raharjo, Venty Suryanti, Sunarto Kaleg

Abstract


Pumice, a volcanic mineral abundant in Indonesia that can contain up to 70% silica, is a great source of nanosilica material. The mesoporous amorphous nanosilica, called nano active filler of pumice particle (nAFPP), has been successfully synthesized using a sol-gel process with different precipitation temperatures at 45, 55, and 65 °C. The nAFPP was characterized using SEM-EDX, Multi-Point BET, and BJH techniques for surface properties and morphologies studies, FTIR for chemical bond studies, XRD for crystallinity properties, and TGA/DTA characterization for thermal stability studies. The influence of nanosilica filler in forming GFRP/nAFPP composites was evaluated using impact testing and morphological analysis with SEM on the fracture surfaces. The result shows that the nanosilica of nAFPP has good purity (93.68%), mesoporous amorphous, nano-sized silica particles, and a pore diameter of 4.36–6.97 nm. The spectra of FTIR display the absorption peaks of the functional group silanol (Si-O-Si). The GFRP/nAFPP composites have higher impact strength than those with pumice particles or without particles. The highest impact strength (97.37 KJ/m2) is achieved in the GFRP composite with 2.5 of nAFPPP, and its addition until 10 decreases the impact strength slightly. Further research on this material is needed to accelerate its application.

Keywords



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DOI: 10.14416/j.asep.2025.05.007

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