Design and Development of the Separation and Extraction of Palm Oil by Using Screw Extractor Machine

Abstract

The objectives of this research were to design and develop palm seed separating machine and palm oil pressing machine. According to the design of a grille for separating palm seed, the diameter of the grille was 39.2 cm. The diameter of the hole of the grille was 1.5 cm in diameter. The 4×4 cm steel tube was used to construct the structure of the machine. The machine was 70 cm wide, 70 cm long and 70 cm high. The tank for conveying palm seeds was made of sheet steel which was rolled into the cylinder with 40 cm in diameter and 40 cm high. There were two exits at both sides. The separating rack was attached to the shaft. The shaft assembled with the grille was made by turning it to the thread in order to be able to assemble to the grille. The V-B54 belt was responsible for sending power from the motor to the grille. There were 4 sizes the pulley used for speed test; 2, 3, 4, and 6 in. Each of which was powered from the motor to the belt and from the belt to the grille. The results from the experiment showed that for separating palm seeds of 1 kg, it took 35 s at 483, 725, and 967 rpm. At 483 rpm, it provided the best performance. The efficiency of separating seeds was 91.76% which can separate palm seeds at 102 kg/h. The electricity consumption was 0.86 kWh. The width of palm oil pressing machine was 55.5 cm with the length of 53 cm and the height was 56 cm. The cylinder was made of steel pipe with the thick of 1.4 cm. The width of the square-shape inlet palm meat was 16 cm and the length was 19 cm. The length of the cylinder was 40 cm. The diameter of the cylindrical-shape outlet palm scrap was 10 cm. The length of the pulley was 63 cm and the pitch was 3.4 cm long. The diameter of the screw compressor was 9.6 cm. The motor power was 1-phase 3 hp. V-Belt, 72-inch 2 lines and 55-inch 2 lines. The result showed with the speed of 110, 133, and 155 rpm. Each round took 3 times which were 5, 10, and 15 min. The best speed of palm oil pressing machine pressing palm meat before dried with hot air was 155 rpm. The efficiency of pressing was 36.51%. Also, the best speed of palm oil pressing machine pressing palm meat after dried with hot air was 110 rpm. The efficiency of pressing palm oil was 27.09%. Palm oil can be squeezed by palm oil pressing machine to 4 kg/h by using the electric power of 1.2 kWh.